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Automobile repair shops often can be specialty shops specializing in certain parts such as brakes, mufflers, transmissions, body parts, tires and automobile electrification. Examples include MAACO and AAMCO. There are also independently-owned specialists who only work on certain brands of vehicles, such as European car specialists and BMW repair specialists.
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An automobile repair shop (also known as a garage) is a place where automobiles are repaired by auto mechanics and electricians. Some auto parts stores also maintain service operations. Examples include Pep Boys, Walmart, and Sears Auto Center.
In the UK, a garage does not typically specialize in one area of the vehicle.[citation needed] Instead, they tend to repair all mechanical and servicing requirements, the only specialty being body repair and painting.
Maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) involves fixing any sort of mechanical or electrical device should it become out of order or broken (known as repair, unscheduled or casualty maintenance). It also includes performing routine actions which keep the device in working order (known as scheduled maintenance) or prevent trouble from arising (preventive maintenance). MRO may be defined as, "All actions which have the objective of retaining or restoring an item in or to a state in which it can perform its required function. The actions include the combination of all technical and corresponding administrative, managerial, and supervision actions.
MRO operations can be categorised by whether the product remains the property of the customer, i.e., a service is being offered or whether the product is brought by the reprocessing organisation and sold to any customer wishing to make the purchase.
The former of these represents a closed loop supply chain and usually has the scope of maintenance, repair or overhaul of the product. The latter of the categorisations is an open loop supply chain and is typified by refurbishment and remanufacture. The main characteristic of the closed loop system is that the demand for a product is matched with the supply of a used product. Neglecting asset write-offs and exceptional activities the total population of the product between the customer and the service provider remains constant. Automotive engineers are involved in almost every aspect of designing cars and trucks, from the initial concepts right through to manufacturing them. Broadly speaking, automotive engineers are separated into three main streams: product engineering, development engineering and manufacturing engineering.
* Product engineer (also called design engineer), that would design components/systems (i.e. brake engineer and battery engineer). This engineer designs and tests a part, seeing that it meets all its requirements (i.e. the shock), performs as required, material meets desired durability and so on.
* Development engineer, that engineers the attributes of the automobile. This engineer may provide to the design engineer what spring rate he/she requires to provide the "ride" characteristics required for the automobile to perform as desired, etc.
* Manufacturing engineer, determines how to make it. In Toyota, for example, manufacturing engineering is regarded as a more prestigious career path than designing and developing the cars. Manufacturing Engineers at automotive companies are involved in a wide array of manufacturing activities.
They plan and engineer the assembly of whole vehicles as well as the individual parts that go into the vehicles. Design and layout of equipment and people, machine rates and line rates, specification of automation equipment, and manufacturing safety procedures are all some of the jobs that Manufacturing Engineers do. Assembly plants build vehicles from parts they receive...they rarely build parts themselves. Manufacturing engineers at assembly plants plan out the body shop, engine and transmission placement, and the trim and chassis area of the final assembly. Seats, radios, interior trim panels, pick-up bedliners and wheels are examples of parts that need to be manufactured for a vehicle and whose creation would be overseen by an Automotive Manufacturing Engineer. While body panels, usually stamped sheet metal, have typically remained within the OEM, the general trend for all other parts is for them to be bought from outside suppliers.
Most vehicles have greater than 60% supplier content (The Toyota Product Development System, Morgan and Liker) The automotive industry has its own culture that Automotive Manufacturing Engineers need to know to effectively operate. The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), a consortium composed of hundreds of participating companies, have established rules and procedures that ensure parts meet strict quality levels. An Automotive Manufacturing Engineer typically works with statistics and process controls, validating that the process that produces parts will always produce those parts with quality. They also search for ways to continuously improve the process between product upgrades. generally the engineering related pure development procedures.
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